研修・大学院

2016 Journal Club

Acetaminophen for Fever in Critically Ill Patients with Suspected Infection

N Engl J Med 2015;373:2215-24.

感染症による発熱に対するアセトアミノフェン

Trial of Continuous or Interrupted Chest Compressions　during CPR

N Engl J Med 2015;373:2203-14.

絶え間ない胸骨圧迫vs30:2のCPR法

Outcomes Associated With the Nationwide Introduction of Rapid Response Systems in The Netherlands

Crit Care Med. 2015 Dec;43(12):2544-2551

オランダの国家プロジェクトとしてのRRS導入の結果

Comparison of the Full Outline of UnResponsiveness Score and the Glasgow Coma Scale in Predicting Mortality in Critically Ill Patients

Crit Care Med 2015; 43:439–444

予後推定ツールとしてのGCSとFOUR score

Timing of tracheotomy in ICU patients: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials

Critical Care (2015) 19:424

ICU患者における気管切開の時期

A Randomized Trial of Intensive versus　Standard Blood-Pressure Control （The SPRINT study）

N Engl J Med. 2015 Nov 26;373(22):2103-16

厳格な血圧コントロールは高血圧関連合併症を予防するか

Restricted versus continued standard caloric intake during　the management of refeeding syndrome in critically ill　adults: a randomised, parallel-group, multicentre,single-blind controlled trial　

Lancet Respir Med 2015;3: 943–52

Refeeding症候群の患者における栄養制限の意義

Effect of Acetazolamide vs Placebo on Duration of Invasive Mechanical Ventilation Among Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease A Randomized Clinical Trial.（The DIABOLOstudy)

JAMA 2016; 315:480-8.

COPD患者の挿管管理におけるアセタゾラミド

The Third International Consensus Definitions for Sepsis and Septic Shock (Sepsis-3).

JAMA 2016; 315(8):801-810.

Sepsis新定義

A Multicenter Randomized Trial of　Continuous versus Intermittent b-Lactam Infusion in Severe Sepsis

Am J Respir Crit Care Med Vol 192, Iss 11, pp 1298–1305, Dec 1, 2015

重症敗血症におけるβラクタム薬の持続投与

A Pilot Randomized Trial Comparing Weaning　From Mechanical Ventilation on Pressure Support　Versus Proportional Assist Ventilation

CritCare Med. 2016 Jan 20.

PAVは呼吸器離脱に適したモードか？

Practice Patterns and Outcomes of Treatments for Atrial Fibrillation During Sepsis: A Propensity-Matched Cohort Study.

Chest. 2016 Jan;149(1): 74-83.

Sepsisに合併したAFの治療

Stroke and recurrent haemorrhage associated with antithrombotic treatment after gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with atrial fibrillation: nationwide cohort study.

BMJ. 2015 Nov 16;351:h5876. [PMID: 26572685]

AF患者における消化管出血後の抗凝固療法の再開

Ultrasound-guided percutaneous dilational tracheostomy versus bronchoscopy-guided percutaneous dilational tracheostomy in critically ill patients (TRACHUS): a randomized noninferiority controlled trial.

Intensive Care Med. 2016 Mar;42(3):342-51. [PMID: 26831676]

経皮的気管切開術におけるエコーガイドと気管支鏡ガイドの比較

Epidemiology, Patterns of Care, and Mortality for Patients With Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Intensive Care Units in 50 Countries.

JAMA. 2016 Feb 23;315(8):788-800. [PMID: 26903337]

LUNG SAFE study

Open Lung Approach for the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Pilot, Randomized Controlled Trial.

Crit Care Med. 2016 Jan;44(1):32-42. [PMID: 26672923]

ARDSに対するオープンラングアプローチ

Effect of Dexmedetomidine Added to Standard Care on Ventilator-Free Time in Patients With Agitated Delirium A Randomized Clinical Trial.

JAMA. 2016;315(14):1460-1468.

デクスメデトミジンは活発型譫妄患者の呼吸器離脱を早めるか？

Effect of Postextubation High-Flow Nasal Cannula vs Conventional Oxygen Therapy on Reintubation in Low-Risk Patients: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

2016;315(13):1354-1361.

抜管後の再挿管予防におけるHigh-Flow Nasal Cannula

Amiodarone, Lidocaine, or Placebo in Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest.

N Engl J Med 2016;374:1711-22.

院外CPAに対する抗不整脈薬

Preventing ICU Subsyndromal Delirium Conversion to Delirium With Low-Dose IV Haloperidol: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Pilot Study.

Crit Care Med. 2016 Mar;44(3):583-91.

せん妄予防のための低用量ハロペリドール

Initiation Strategies for Renal-Replacement Therapy in the Intensive Care Unit (AKIKI Study).

N Engl J Med 2016;epublished May 15th

ICUにおける腎代替療法開始のタイミング

Effect of Noninvasive Ventilation Delivered by Helmet vs Face Mask on the Rate of Endotracheal Intubation in Patients With Acute Respiratory Distress SyndromeA Randomized Clinical Trial.

JAMA 2016;epublished May 15th

ARDS患者におけるヘルメット型NPPV

One-Year Risk of Stroke after Transient Ischemic

N Engl J Med 2016;374:1533-42.

TIA・軽症脳梗塞発症後1年での脳梗塞リスク

Predicting Fluid Responsiveness by Passive Leg Raising: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 23 Clinical Trials

Crit Care Med 2016; 44:981-991.

PLRは輸液反応性の指標となるか？

Platelet transfusion versus standard care after acute stroke due to spontaneous cerebral haemorrhage associated with antiplatelet therapy (PATCH): a randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial

Lancet. 2016 Jun 25;387(10038):2605-13.

抗血小板薬内服患者の脳出血に対する血小板輸血

Rate Control versus Rhythm Control for Atrial Fibrillation after Cardiac Surgery

N Engl J Med 2016;374:1911-21.

心外術後の心房細動に対する心拍数調節と洞調律維持

Cerebral Oximetry During Cardiac Arrest: A Multicenter Study of Neurologic Outcomes and Survival

Crit Care Med. 2016;44(9):1663-74.

院内CPAにおける脳組織酸素飽和度モニタリング

Effect of Early Vasopressin vs Norepinephrine on Kidney Failure in Patients With Septic Shock The VANISH Randomized Clinical Trial

JAMA 2016;316(5):509-518.

敗血症性ショックに対するバソプレシン（VANISH trial）

Efficacy and safety of procalcitonin guidance in reducing the duration of antibiotic treatment in critically ill patients:a randomised, controlled, open-label trial

Lancet Infect Dis 2016;16: 819–27.

抗菌薬中止判断におけるプロカルシトニンガイドの有用性

Corticosteroid Therapy for Patients Hospitalized With Community-Acquired Pneumonia A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Ann Intern Med 2015;163:519-528.

市中肺炎にステロイドは有効か

Effect of Palliative Care–Led Meetings for Families of Patients With Chronic Critical Illness A Randomized Clinical Trial

JAMA. 2016;316(1):51-62.

PICS-F

Immediate total-body CT scanning versus conventional imaging and selective CT scanning in patients with severe trauma (REACT-2): a randomised controlled trial

Lancet 2016; 388: 673–83.

重症外傷における外傷pan scan CTの位置づけ

Management of Adults With Hospital-acquired and Ventilator-associated Pneumonia: 2016 Clinical Practice Guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of America and the American Thoracic Society

Clin Infect Dis. 2016 Sep 1;63(5):e61-e111.

2016年IDSA HAP/VAPガイドライン

Duration of Antibiotic Treatmentin Community-Acquired Pneumonia A Multicenter Randomized Clinical Trial

JAMA InternMed. 2016 Sep1;176(9):1257-65.

市中肺炎の治療期間

Dexmedetomidine for prevention of delirium in elderly patients after non-cardiac surgery: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

Lancet. 2016 Aug 16. [Epub ahead of print]

非心臓手術後高齢者のせん妄予防にデクスメデトミジンは有効か？

ICU Admission, Discharge, and Triage Guidelines: A Framework to Enhance Clinical Operations, Development of Institutional Policies, and Further Research

Crit Care Med 2016; 44:1553–1602.

ADTガイドライン

Effect of Hydrocortisone on Development of Shock Among Patients With Severe Sepsis The HYPRESS Randomized Clinical Trial

JAMA 2016; 316(17):1775-1785.

重症敗血症に対するステロイド投与は敗血症性ショックを予防するか

Trial of Decompressive Craniectomy for Traumatic Intracranial Hypertension

N Engl J Med 2016; 375:1119-1130.

重症外傷性脳損傷（TBI）に減圧開頭術は有効か

Effect of Postextubation High-FlowNasal Cannula vs Noninvasive Ventilation on Reintubation and Postextubation Respiratory Failure in High-Risk Patients A Randomized Clinical Trial

JAMA 2016 Oct 18;316(15):1565-1574.

再挿管高リスク患者の抜管後High-Flow Nasal Cannula

Association Between Therapeutic Hypothermia and Survival After In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest

JAMA. 2016;316(13):1375-1382.

院内心停止に対する低体温療法

Levosimendan for the Prevention of Acute Organ Dysfunction in Sepsis

N Engl J Med 2016; 375:1638-1648

敗血症に対するレボシメンダン

Effect of Conservative vs Conventional Oxygen Therapy on Mortality Among Patients in an Intensive Care Unit The Oxygen-ICU Randomized Clinical Trial

JAMA. 2016;316(15):1583-1589.

ICUでの高酸素血症を避ける戦略

Clinical Practice Guidelines From the AABB Red Blood Cell Transfusion Thresholds and Storage

JAMA. 2016;316(19):2025-2035.

AABBによる赤血球輸血ガイドライン

Empirical Micafungin Treatment and Survival WithoutInvasive Fungal Infection in Adults With ICU-Acquired Sepsis, Candida Colonization, and Multiple Organ Failure The EMPIRICUS Randomized Clinical Trial

JAMA. 2016;316(15):1555-1564.

ICU患者におけるエンピリックな抗真菌薬投与

Prevalence of Pulmonary Embolism among Patients Hospitalized for Syncope

N Engl J Med 2016;375:1524-31.

初回失神患者における肺塞栓症の有病率（PESIT study）

Prevention of Bleeding in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation Undergoing PCI

N Engl J Med 2016; 375:2423-2434.

心房細動を合併したPCI患者におけるNOAC

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